Riedel ( REE -d? l ) Crystal is a glass-based manufacturer in Kufstein, Austria, is famous for its glasses designed to enhance different types of wine. Founded in Bohemia in 1756, the company is managed by Georg Riedel and Maximilian Riedel.
Video Riedel (glass manufacturer)
Histori
Josef Riedel, The Elder
Josef Riedel The Elder (sixth generation, 1816-94) was born during the industrial revolution. He owned eight glass factories in 1858 to include two textile mills and a coal mine. The glass produced glass jewelry, beads and chandelier parts and in 1873, they began to produce luxury hollow glass products as well. He received many awards for his achievements: he was awarded the 'Grand Prix' at the World Fair in Vienna in 1873, honorary citizenship by local authorities in Franzesbad and Wiesenthal and he was awarded the Order by the Pope.
Through hard work and diligence, he is a contemporary model for success in business. His employees respectfully call him 'Mr. Father 'and his contemporaries call him the' King of Glass in the Iser Mountains'. Josef Riedel dedicated his life to building the empire on a firm basis. He does not discount prices - on the contrary, he only offers quality products and customers appreciate this.
In addition, Josef is a vast land owner, and a famous banker and financier in the mountains. He helps businesses that require capital, lends at 6% interest, and even helps them financially to find export markets. It was his financial support in 1861, for example, which allowed the company GebrÃÆ'¼der Feix in Albrechtsdorf to start, which later became one of the largest manufacturers of buttons, black fashion jewelry and crystal items in the country. It was at this company where Daniel Swarovski then started his career.
The Riedel Company operates a retail warehouse at all major manufacturing locations around Gablonz. The owners of these companies regularly notify Riedels of the current demand, competition, and large orders that exporters then forward to their suppliers for production. Josef Riedel is also respected as a glass expert in himself. Industry leader Josef Schreiber, head of Vienna's vast Josef Schreiber & amp; Neffen, even calling it the greatest expert in glass manufacture in Bohemia.
Josef is known as 'The Glass King of the Jizera Mountains' (1844-94). Not long after his death, the sons of Josef registered the first Riedel logo in 1895.
Beginning: Building a Solid Foundation
After the death of Franz Riedel (Fifth Generation, 1786-1844), his son-in-law Josef and his daughter Marie Anna moved to a noble house in Antoniwald and Josef took over the reins of Klein Iser and Antoniwald Works. However, he does not have any part of his wife's business. In 1840, the glass factory at Antoniwald produced 761 tons of tinted and clear glass, small bottles, chandeliers and glass rods. Antoniwald also saw the birth of the couple's son Hugo (1848-1883), Wilhelm (1849-1929) and Otto (1853-1901).
The Klein Iser Works was left in the capable hands of his brother Karl Kittel. Kittel retired in 1853 and was replaced by Johann Bengler, the bookkeeper of Christiansthal, who led the work for nearly forty years. Begler discovered a number of different types of colored glass including jet black, lily yellow, antimony ruby, variations such as marble, and aventurine venentian. He was awarded the Imperial Gold Service Cross as a tribute to his glass-making skills. In early 1850, two long 'draw spaces' were added to the glass factory. This is used to stretch the glass to make the tube for six pieces of beads and the beads are rubbed, then the demand.
On March 6, 1849, Josef Riedel bought a new glass factory, with his own money, from Ignaz Friedrich, a textile entrepreneur and glass merchant. The new glass plant is based in Polaun near Klein Iser and has a wood burning stove. It lies perfectly: in 1847, the main road was laid through the Giant Mountains between Reichenberg, Gablonz and Trautenau. This road eventually creates a connection between Iser and the Giant Mountains with a central Bohemian road network. Under Josef's contract, Friedrich could not build a new glass factory for ten years; he agreed to buy glass only from Josef; and gave Josef the first right of rejection of any sale of land around the foundry.
After five years, Josef Riedel wants to update the newly acquired glass in Polaun to meet the expectations of modern jewelery component manufacturing facilities. He rebuilt in 1854-56 and added a second furnace and 'attractive' facility in 1858. In 1855, his wife, Marie-Anna died at the age of thirty-five, leaving Josef as the sole beneficiary. The widowed Josef Riedel and his children remain at Antoniwald until the rent for the works is exhausted. It was not until 1858 that he transferred his family to Polaun, where he settled in 358, still standing. This house also belonged to Ignaz Friedrich. For seven years Josef Riedel has traveled from Antoniwald to Polaun at least three times a week to oversee rebuilding and then running glass factories. He pays craftsmen, suppliers, and glassmakers on their own during each trip.
In the next decade, glass craft turned into a poor industry and territory into the 'Austrian Empire California' and 'Gablonz' goods became a commodity known to traders in remote corners of the world.
In 1859 Josef Riedel married Johanna Neuwinger (1836-1920), daughter of the Clam-Gallas jungle head of Ruppersdorf (near Reichenberg). It was a lucrative marriage, because Josef's glass factory was located on the counting ground and he took the wood for Polaun from the Count wood.
Expansion
At the beginning of the century, the Iser Mountains have also become an important center for the Bohemian textile industry with a factory rank amongst the largest in the Empire. Josef wanted to get involved in the textile industry: in 1858, he began to build a modern cotton mill on the Giant Mountain main road in Grønthal on the Iser River. The factory was fully operational in 1862 and continues to grow because of its good business; 5,000 cotton spindles are produced here every year. In 1868 the factory was rebuilt and production doubled to 10,000 spindles per year. Some of the equipment came from the factory in Polaun, which Josef Riedel had bought at auction in the previous year none other than Ignaz Friedrich.
On September 1, 1863, Josef registered his company under the name of 'Josef Riedel' at the Reichenberg Regional Court.
The second half of the 1860s witnessed the biggest explosion in the history of Gablonz glass bead jewelry. Glass is gold and new demand is high. The capacity of local glass mills is inadequate and it is time for investment. The fully self-sufficient Josef Riedel understands the need to invest. In 1865, he added a second and third furnace to his factory in Klein Iser. In 1866, he built a fully modern glass factory with stone, with two stoves. In 1867 Josef established another masterpiece with two stoves in Gränththal. The Grønthal works specially in the production of chandelier ornaments and glass jewelry rods.
In 1868 and 1869, Josef modernized the stoves in Neuwiese and Polaun glass factories - they were no longer heated by wood and turned to wood gas. Josef was the first to combine a regenerative gas heat recovery system with a breakthrough (first with wood, then using coal) to heat the glass furnace. This new technology was invented by German engineer Friedrich Siemens between 1856 and 1861 and translated into a tremendous savings of 30-50%. In 1878, a competitive (but similar) system from Siebert (patented in 1878) was incorporated into the Riedel plant.
Production consists mainly of jewelry and small glasses. It was purchased in the 1860s and 70s by large Gablonz trading companies: Josef Pfeiffer, Eduard Dressler and Wilhelm Klaar, as well as small businesses in the Iser Mountains. Josef supplied a blank glass, a small bottle and a chandelier hanging for SteinschÃÆ'¶nau and Haida in the BÃÆ'¶hmisch Leipa region, with key customers including the famous SteinschÃÆ'¶nau lamp factory owned by Elias Palme. SteinschÃÆ'¶nau and Haida are known as chandeliers. However, the chandelier components mainly come from Riedel Glassworks in the Iser Mountains. Josef donated a large chandelier to the Franciscan church at Haindorf in 1853; it has been assembled in SteinschÃÆ'¶nau by Josef Helzel & amp; But the parts come from the Josef Riedel glass factory. This was true for a similar gift until Josef established his own factory in Polaun, which could assemble chandeliers. Before that Polaun glass factory mainly supplied hollow glass jewelry and small glassware to customers in London, Vienna, Berlin, Constantinople, Paris and Amsterdam.
Addressing the Global Crisis: Investments
The 1870s was defined by the first global economic crisis. The dream of endless economic growth suddenly ended and was replaced by an unprecedented depression. Josef drove the storm with confidence and even expanded his empire thanks to a solid business foundation. He is not complacent and survived the crisis by making a successful investment.
Josef Riedel always ensures that his company runs efficiently and never hesitates to invest in large quantities for factory modernization or installation of new technologies. He understands that one of the foundations of successful industrial management is cheap energy. He therefore decided to choose the newly available coal gas to heat the furnace. On February 23, 1870, he purchased mining rights in Hostomitz (in the Teplitz region) and arranged landmines between 1874 and 1875. On 29 September 1876 Josef also purchased a coal mine near the Saxo-Austrian Coal Mining Company.
Josef built a branch line from a nearby station in Tannwald to easily move coal from Hostomitz to his work in Polaun. The railway line was completed in 1874 and ran from Tannwald to Eisenbrod (which in turn connects to Bohemian's main railway network). However, the quality of the coal that came in was disappointing - thus, the main customer for the Hostomitz mine was not the Riedel plant at all, but a chemical plant in Aussig and a few others in Saxony, for coal delivered to the Elbe river.
Josef Riedel's love for spa and modern medical care is not lost. In 1870 he bought a spa in Wurzelsdorf and installed a peeling bath treatment. The spa, under the management of the Bad Wurzelsdorf plant, opened its doors in 1872 and caters to patients suffering from rheumatism, neuralgia and anemia.
Apart from other business ventures, Josef Riedel continues to focus primarily on glass. In 1871 the third furnace was installed in Polaun and the land around the glass factory changed hands from the Clam-Gallas family to Riedels. In the same year Josef handed Polaun's management to his eldest son Hugo Riedel (1848-1883). Family: Company Growth
Hugo Riedel (1848-1883)
On May 1, 1873, Hugo diverted production on one of the furnaces to decorate hollow glass as demand for glass jewelry decreased while demand for decorative glass increased internationally. Josef had never decorated his glass in his own factory before, choosing to concentrate on basic products, including hollow glasses, which he would send to be decorated elsewhere - or let his customers do it. Since that time, in 1873, Riedel began to produce luxury glass items. The initial step into the glass decoration is not without difficulty but success comes relatively quickly.
In 1873 Riedels participated in the World Exhibition in Vienna, where they won a gold medal for their belongings, including a completely new hollow decorative glass. This is their first award at a prestigious and internationally renowned event. The new hollow glass is sold through its own Riedel distributors overseas, directly to foreign partners in Germany, England and France and to domestic traders from the BÃÆ'¶hmisch region of Leipa and Vienna.
Soon after 1873, Hugo installed a chemistry lab and a two-pot experimental kiln at Polaun. This is where new glass, color and other technological innovations are created. Riedels owns this patent. Hugo began the production of ruby ​​glass dyed with Dukat Gold, adding the fine crust and wound cones used to coat glass, creating Rozalin, emerging with new processes to decorate glass with enamel and even design some decorative glass. In 1876, the Polaun factories completely switched to coal in their kilns.
Wilhelm Riedel (1849-1929)
In the first half of the 1870s Josef Riedel brought his two sons, Wilhelm and Otto into business. Josef placed Wilhelm Riedel (1849-1929) at the helm of the flax factory in Untermaxdorf and the Hostomitz coal mine. In 1874, Otto Riedel (1853-1901) became director of the Grønthal factory.
In 1877, when Josef was 61, he made the decision to convert his company into a family business, so on February 17, his son Hugo, Wilhelm and Otto became shareholders of the Jos corporation. Riedel '. Since then, the four have made decisions relative to the future interests of the company. They hold meetings every Thursday in Polaun where they evaluate past developments and make plans for what will happen next.
In 1878 Wilhelm Riedel replaced the Maxdorf plant from processing hemp into hemp. In the same year, Jos. Riedel built a new glass factory next to it that began production on January 6, 1879. Wilhelm Riedel devised a plan to become the most modern glass casting in the region. The design of the building has a clear British appeal, no doubt due to the six months that young entrepreneurs spent in England as volunteers in the late 1860s.
In the 1870s the Iser Mountains were known worldwide for the production of perfume bottles, honesty for salt, pepper, oil, and other spices. Wilhelm Riedel invented and patented the technology "using compressed air to form hollow glass in metal molds". This extraordinary innovation is responsible for the company's rapid success. Decorative elements applied through a blowing machine mimic cutting elements. The company where this new technology (patented on September 23, 1879) was executed was casting in Untermaxdorf.
On December 13, 1879 the Polaun Company purchased a Neudorf glass factory near Gablonz, expanding and adapting the furnace to use coal gas rather than a wood-burning kiln. In 1879, the Polaun company operated 11 wood gas or coal gas furnaces and a total of 76 pots in the Iser Mountains. In 1880, the sixth worked in Polaun, Wurzelsdorf, Neudorf, Maxdorf and Klein Iser melted over 5,000 tons of glass. Jewelery is recorded for the largest number (2,100 tons), followed by perfume bottles (2,000 tons) and hollow glass (900 tons). In 1881, Wilhelm Riedel designed a glass factory in Stefansruh, near Polaun. For this project, the Riedel family decided to take full advantage of the railroads they had built five years earlier to transport the coal needed to heat the glass furnaces. Factories in Wurzeldorf and Neudorf were closed, glassmakers were transferred to the newly built Stefansruh. In 1882, two coal-fired gas furnaces at Stefansruh began producing glass bars.
In 1883, the family was destroyed by the sudden death of Hugo Riedel, the eldest son of Josef Riedel and the director of the family glass empire. The first impact of Hugo Riedel's death was the construction of a textile dyeing factory halted. Wilhelm Riedel at the age of 34 became director of the Riedel company and moved to headquarters in Polaun Otto Riedel 'The Glassking' (1853-1901)
After the death of his brother Hugo, the management of Wurzelsdorf's 30,000 spindle textile factory, fell on Otto Riedel (the third son of Josef and Anna).
Josef Riedel Jr. (1862-1924, Seventh Generation)
Josef Riedel Jr. was the last to join the company and became a shareholder in 1886. Josef Jr. obtained his technical chemistry education at the Mochmann Institute in Dresden and l'ÃÆ'â € cole Municipale de Chimie Industrielle in MÃÆ'¼hlhausen where he studied for four periods in 1881-82, he was well prepared for the new role he would embrace.
In 1883, Jos.Riedel built a casting factory for bronze production in which Riedels began producing itself to use molds, tools, machinery, and decorative and functional appliances for glassware, and many other items. They even began to develop metal molds for their private label customers, glass decorators and merchants. Josef Riedel Jr. was assigned to manage this operation, supported by Hermann Kittel, a famous girdler and metal-plater, as Chief Operating Officer.
In 1884 the decorative bronze was replaced with plated zinc, which can imitate bronze perfectly as an ornament. The interest and demand for metal-coated and coated metal coatings is growing with products sold globally because of trade relationships from Riedel's customers.
Lighthouse Customers
Older Josef Riedel is an early adopter of new technology. When Alexander Graham Bell invented the phone in 1876, Riedels imposed a private telephone line in the forest to improve communication between their factories in 1883. When Thomas Alva Edison patented his first electric light bulb in 1881, Riedels introduced an electric lamp to Riedel. factory in 1883, mainly for security reasons to limit the risk of fire. The modern era of lighthouses began at the turn of the 18th century and the construction of a thunderous lighthouse. The first Fresnel lens was used in 1823 - its light can be seen from more than 20 miles (32 km) out. In 1883, Riedel's production catalog introduced Fresnel optical crystal lenses formed for lighthouses and specialty glass products began to play an important role in Jos's product mix. Riedel. This was successfully exported until 1914.
Competition
In 1870, the Hundorf glass factory Josef Schmiedel began making glass for beads - they were a tough competitor to Riedel who offered them to the market at a cheaper price. Instead of reducing prices, the older Josef Riedel, would buy a competitor. On December 22, 1883, the company bought Riedel glassware Hundorf and it was the first time Riedel 'Glass Empire' extends beyond the Iser Mountains.
Mechanization - Innovation - Focus
The Glassworks Klein Iser, built by Franz Riedel in 1828, was closed in 1884 because of the last non-industrial glass plant whose operation became so expensive.
Riedel diversified in 1885 to coal mining in the Hostomitz region, 150 km west of the mill - coal is not used for glass manufacturing but sold for other uses. In the same year Riedels expanded their marijuana production by acquiring a rope and cable manufacturer. It sells finished goods through wholesales to the world market. The expansion continued in 1886 with an additional glass factory in Stefansruh. The new plant is dedicated to glass rods and tubes, which replace the production of the closed Klein Iser plant. In 1886 the central administrative office was established in Polaun, which became the headquarters of the Jos.Riedel company.
However, in the same year, the Venetian glass maker developed a special machine to cut and polish seed beads into a perfect little donut. The production of Bohemian beads became rapidly obsolete and could no longer compete. Josef Riedel Jr. traveled to Venice and recruited three Italian technicians. Their names are Tocellan, Morichetto, and Giordani. With input from Wilhelm and Josef junior, the three Venetian engineers upgraded and developed the original Venetian cutting machine at the Riedel bronze casting plant. It is capable of producing 3,000 tons of machine-cut beads per year.
At the same time, glass manufacturer Ludwig Breit introduced the glass cutting machine. Mechanization in the Iser Mountains causes significant unemployment. This caused home workers to rise in the early 1890s that culminated in the Wiesenthal Rebellion in which workers were killed in clashes with police. The local government declared a state of emergency. Labor disturbances are so serious that the governor, Count Franz von Thun, visits the Iser region personally. The Riedels, on the other hand, help ease the crisis and support homeless workers who are unemployed with financial help.
Riedel expands and purchases the world-class glass decant 'Vincenz Pohl in Neuwelt' which opens additional business opportunities into the luxury glass market. The ornamental glass produced in this workshop with colorful enamel becomes very popular in Venice, the French market, as well as abroad in South America. The demand for luxury glass exceeds the supply that makes it necessary to open an additional decoration workshop in the Polaun factory. The Pattern Factory is becoming increasingly important for business because its packaging department, paint shop, kiln to shoot painted glass, and last but not least a showroom for customers. In 1887, Wilhelm Riedel invented a patented process to make the color of the machine sharper than using hand paint. In the same year, the company displayed its first ever luxury glass at the prestigious Leipzig Fair.
Year 1888
The company was highly respected in 1888, when invited to become one of only seven glass factories in the Austro-Hungarian Empire to participate in the 40th Emperor Jubilee Exhibition in Vienna. Riedels was awarded a medal for their luxuriously decorated glass beads and beads. On September 26, 1888, the Emperor conferred the Emperor Order of the Emperor's Order Franz Joseph I to the older Josef Riedel.
At the exhibition, the Vienna specialist journal, Centrallblatt, focuses on the colored glass of José Riedel, which often comes with decorative metal detail. The magazine called Riedel's design "a truly special piece of art".
Not every business department is prosperous. Riedel coal mining closed in that year. Year 1889
At the age of 27 Josef Jr. visited the World Exposition in Paris (where Gustave Eiffel inaugurated the tower). At the exhibition he noticed that all the electric lights on display only featured metal shades. He immediately took the opportunity. The first glass lid coming out of the Riedel factory was shaped like a bowl and flower, and they immediately became an important part of the corporate treasury.
Last Year
On April 24, 1894, Josef died at his villa in Polaun after a short illness. He left six glass factories, two glass and decorative finishing factories, glass bead factories, bronze casting, and two textile factories.
In 1894, the group of companies represented half of all state revenues from the Polaun region and employed 1,250 people (350 in glass factories, 900 in textile mills).
The older Josef Riedel was named Glass King of Iser Mountains and in 1888, he was decorated with the Order of the Pope Pro Ecclesia et Pontifice. He was an honorable citizen of Wiesenthal an der Neisse because he had given the village land to build a church in 1880, and became an honorary citizen of Franzensbad (1858). He is also a member of the Reichenberg Chamber of Commerce, member of the District Office Committee at Tannwald, honorary curator of the North Bohemian Museum in Reichenberg: the oldest institution celebrating industrial art in the Czech Republic today and the honor of the members of the other sixteen associations in the Iser Mountains and beyond.
In 1889, Josef, the elder, asked architect Adolf Burger to build his funeral chapel. The chapel is located and can still be seen now on the ridge above Polaun and the glass of Stefansruh. The impressive Neo-Gothic structure is on the main road. Made of Muchdorf granite and Horitz sandstone, it was completed in 1890. After the consecration of the grave, the first family members were buried: Josef Riedel Sr. (the father of the older Josef), Marie Anna (1855), first wife of the older Josef, their first son Hugo (1883), and Franz Riedel (5th generation, 1844)
Josef Riedel's funeral lasted three days after his death. The glassmaker brought a small keg from his villa on his shoulders and the company clerk laid him in his grave. Josef's contemporaries remember him about his efficiency, piety, and virtue. He respects his employees, and is also compassionate toward the poor and the sick. Furthermore, based on his wishes, the pension fund was set up for company staff and glassmakers on the day he died. His son also decided - for the first time in the company's history - to authorize the three accountants. It's entered into the Commercial List on May 8th. After his death, widow Josef Johanna moved to Reichenberg, where he lived until his own death in 1920 at the age of 84 years.
The Iser Mountains lost one of the most prominent native businessmen. However, since Josef Riedel has, little by little, gone through all the aspects of the company he built for his children, he left his empire with a solid foundation.
Maps Riedel (glass manufacturer)
Appearances on television and movies
The Riedel Glasses appeared on the episode of The Townie (in Season 4, Episode 11) in a scene where Blair explains to Dan that someone should wash Riedel's glasses with L 'Shampoo occitane.
Riedel's Amadeo decanter appeared alongside Robert Downey Jr. in the 2012 movie The Avengers .
Riedel's Swan dan Paloma decanter muncul di The Real Housewives of New York City season 3, episode 10.
Maximilian J Riedel appeared in season 1, episode 11 of PBS ' Vine Talk , "Observing Shiraz From Australia".
Riedel thanked him for his participation in the 2008 postmodern drama film Charlie Kaufman Synecdoche, New York .
Criticism
In 2004, Gourmet magazine reported that "Studies in major research centers in Europe and the US show that Riedel's claims are, scientifically, unreasonable." This article cites further evidence from Yale researcher Linda Bartoshuk, saying that the "tongue map," which Riedel claims as an important part of their research, does not exist. According to Bartoshuk, "Your brain does not care where it comes from inside your mouth... And researchers have known this for thirty years."
See also
- The aroma of wine
References
External links
- Riedel's corporate homepage
- Riedels official UK home page and online store
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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