Costume Jewelry , knickknacks , fashion jewelry , junk jewelry , fake jewelry , or fallalery are jewelry that are manufactured as ornaments to supplement a special costume or garment that goes against "real" jewelry, which can be considered a collection, a memento, or an investment.
Video Costume jewelry
Etimologi
Costume jewelry dates back to the beginning of the 20th century. It reflects the use of the word "costume" to refer to what is now called "clothing".
Maps Costume jewelry
Components
Initially, fashion costumes or jewelry made of cheap simulated gemstones, such as rhinestones or Lucite, are arranged in tin, silver, nickel, or brass. During the depression years, rhinestones were even downgraded by some manufacturers to meet production costs.
During the era of World War II, sterling silver was often incorporated into costume jewelery designs mainly because:
- The components used for base metal are required for war time production (ie, military applications) and restrictions placed on their use in the private sector.
- The base metal was originally popular because it could be close to platinum color, silver sterling fulfilling the same function.
This produces a number of years where sterling silver jewelry is produced and some can still be found in the vintage jewelry market today.
Modern costume jewelry incorporates a variety of materials. High end crystal, cubic zirconia diamond simulations, and some semi-precious stones are used instead of precious stones. Metals include gold or silver brass, and sometimes vermeil or silver. Jewelry at a lower price may still use gold plating on lead, nickel or other metal; goods made in countries outside the United States may contain lead. Some parts combine plastic, acrylic, leather, or wood.
Historical expression
Costume jewelery can be characterized by the period in the history in which it was made.
Art Deco Period (1920-1930s)
The Art Deco Movement is an effort to combine the rigors of mass production with artistic and design sensibilities. During this period Coco Chanel introduced costume jewelery to complete his costume. The Art Deco movement died with the Great Depression and the outbreak of World War II.
According to Schiffer, some characteristics of costume jewelry in the Art Deco period are:
- Free-flowing curves are replaced with rough geometric and symmetrical themes
- Long pendants, bangle bracelets, cocktail rings, and elaborate accessory items such as cigarette boxes and holders
Retro Period (1935 to 1950)
In the Retro period, designers are struggling with artistic dilemmas and mass production. Natural ingredients combine with plastic. The retro period mainly includes American-made jewelry, which has a different American look. With the war in Europe, many European jewelry companies were forced to close. Many European designers emigrated to the US since the economy began to recover.
According to Schiffer, some characteristics of costume jewelry in the Retro period are:
- The charm, elegance and sophistication
- Flowers, bows, and sunburst designs with Hollywood style
- Moon stone, horse motif, military influence, and ballerina
- Bakelite and other plastic jewelery
The Modern Art Period (1945 to 1960)
In the Modern Art period after World War II, jewelry designs became more traditional and understated. The great and bold style of the Retro period came out of style and was replaced by a more customized style in the 1950s and 1960s.
According to Schiffer, some characteristics of costume jewelery in the Modern Art period are:
- Fancy, fancy jewelry
- Large bracelet, chunky, charm bracelet, Jade/opal, charm bracelet, citrine, topaz
- Pin poodle, Christmas tree pin, and other Christmas jewelry
- Rhinestones
With the advent of the Mod period comes " Body Jewelry ". Carl Schimel of Kim Craftsmen Jewelry is at the forefront of this style. While Kim Craftsmen closed in the early 1990s, many collectors are still looking for food for their items at antique exhibitions and flea markets.
The Boston Museum of Fine Arts recently featured Carl Schimel's "Seat of Sainthood" created in 1969 at " High Fashion Mode Inhaling The '60s -' Hippie Chic '" in MFA This work and exhibition was reviewed by Gregg Cook of Boston NPR "Carl Schimel's circa 1969 base metal" Chastity Belt "- shown here on black bodystocking - mimicking medieval designs in erotic chains and medallions (" a container means to hold birth control pills, "according to the MFA). (Greg Cook) http://artery.wbur.org/2013/07/20/hippie-chic-mfa this section photo can be viewed at http://media.wbur.org/wordpress/18/files/2013/07/picHippieChicCook_0176.jpg
General history
Imitation jewelry has been a part of the culture for almost 300 years. During the 18th century, jewelry began to make pieces with cheap glass. In the 19th century, imitation jewelry made of semi-precious material entered the market. Gems made of semi-precious material are more affordable, and this affordable price gives ordinary people the opportunity to have costume jewelry.
But the true golden era for costume jewelry began in the mid-20th century. The new middle class wants beautiful, but affordable jewelry. The demand for this type of jewelry coincided with the age of the machine and the industrial revolution. The revolution made carefully replicated replica productions of admired pieces of inheritance possible.
When the class structure in America changes, so does the size of real wealth. Women in all social stations, even working-class women, can have small jewelry. The average city and village women can obtain and use large numbers of affordable, stylish, mass-produced jewelry.
Costume jewelry was also popularized by various designers in the mid-20th century. Some of the most remembered names in costume jewelery include high and low price brands: Crown Trifari, Dior, Chanel, Miriam Haskell, Monet, Napier, Corocraft, Coventry, and Kim Craftsmen.
A significant factor in popularizing costume jewelry is the Hollywood film. The leading female stars of the 1940s and 1950s often wore and then validated the pieces produced by various designers. If you admire a necklace worn by Bette Davis at The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex, you can buy a copy of Joseff of Hollywood, which made the original. Stars like Vivien Leigh, Elizabeth Taylor, and Jane Russell appear in commercials for discounts and the availability of collectibles in stores such as Woolworth make it possible for ordinary women to own and wear such jewelry.
Coco Chanel greatly popularized the use of imitation jewelry in his years as a fashion designer, bringing costume jewelry alive with gold and artificial pearls. Kenneth Jay Lane since the 1960s is known for creating unique pieces for Jackie Onassis, Elizabeth Taylor, Diana Vreeland, and Audrey Hepburn. She is probably best known for her three-piece imitation pearl necklace worn by Barbara Bush to her husband's inbound ball.
In many instances, high-end fashion jewelry has achieved "collectible" status, and increases in value over time. Today, there is a substantial secondary market for vintage fashion jewelry. The primary collection market is for 'signed pieces', ie pieces with markers of the author, usually stamped otherwise. Among the most sought after are Miriam Haskell, Coro, Butler and Wilson, Crown Trifari, and Sphinx. However, there is also a demand for good quality 'unsigned' pieces, especially if they have unusual designs.
Business and industry
Imitation jewelry is considered a separate category of fashion accessories, and features many independent industry characteristics. Imitation jewelry producers are located all over the world, with a certain concentration in parts of China and India, where entire economies across cities and regions are dominated by the trade of these goods. There is much controversy in the United States and elsewhere about the lack of regulation in the manufacture of such jewelery - this ranges from human rights issues around labor care, to the use of a small but potentially dangerous manufacturing process, the amount of toxic metal added during production. In 2010, the Associated Press released a story about the toxic levels of the metal cadmium. found in children's jewelry. AP investigation found several pieces containing more than 80 percent cadmium. A wider issue surrounding imports, exports, trade laws, and globalization also applies to the trade of costume jewelery.
As part of the supply chain, wholesalers in the United States and other countries buy imitation jewelry from manufacturers and usually import or export them to wholesale distributors and suppliers that deal directly with retailers. Wholesale costume jewelry traders will traditionally be looking for new suppliers at trade shows. As the internet has become increasingly important in global commerce, the trade show model has changed. Retailers can now choose from a large number of wholesalers with sites on the World Wide Web. Some of these sites also market directly to consumers, who can buy imitation jewelry at very cheap prices. Some of these sites include fashion jewelry as a separate category, while some use this term for costume jewelry. The trends of making jewelry at home by fans for personal enjoyment or for sale on sites like Etsy have resulted in the general practice of buying wholesale costume jewelry in bulk and using it for parts.
See also
- Marcasite Jewelry
References
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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