In classical antiquity, seven classical planets are the seven invisible astronomical objects in the sky visible to the naked eye: Mars, Jupiter, Venus, Saturn, Mercury, Sun, and Moon. The word planet comes from the Greek word ????????, plan? T? S "nomad" (short for asteres planetai "Stars wandering"), reveals the fact that these objects move across celestial spheres relative to fixed stars.
The term planet in modern terminology is only applied to natural satellites orbiting the Sun, so that of the seven classical planets, five are planets in the modern sense - five are easily visible to the naked eye.
Video Classical planet
astronomi Babilonia
Babylonia recognizes seven planets. The bilingual list in the British Museum records seven Babylonian planets in this order:
Maps Classical planet
Symbol
The astrological symbols for the classical planets, the zodiac signs, the many aspects, the many, and the moon nodes appear in medieval Byzantine texts where many ancient horoscopes are preserved. In the original papyrus of this Greek horoscope, a circle was found with a beam () for the Sun and the crescent moon for the Moon. Written symbols for Mercury, Venus, Jupiter, and Saturn have been traced to forms found in ancient Greek papyrus. The symbol for Jupiter and Saturn is identified as a monogram of the initial letter of the corresponding Greek name, and the symbol for Mercury is a stylish caduceus. A. S. D. Maunder discovered the antecedents of planetary symbols in earlier sources, used to represent the gods associated with the classical planets. Bianchini planisfer , produced in the 2nd century, shows the Greek personification of planetary gods with early versions of planetary symbols: Mercury has the epitome of medicine; Venus, attached to its necklace, a rope connected to another necklace; Mars, spear; Jupiter, a staff member; Saturn, sickle; The sun, the circle with rays radiating from it; and Moon, headdress with crescent mounted. A diagram in the 12th century Johannes Kamateros Summary of Astrology shows the Sun represented by a circle with rays, Jupiter by letter zeta Greece), Mars by a shield crossed by a spear, and the classical planets left by symbols resembling modern symbols, without the cross marks seen in modern versions of symbols. The modern sun symbol, depicted as a circle with dots (?), First appeared in the Renaissance.
Planetary clock
The Ptolemaic system used in Greek astronomy places the planets in sequence, closest to Earth to the farthest, such as the Moon, Mercury, Venus, Sun, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn. In addition the day was divided into 7 hour intervals, each ruled by one of the planets, although the sequence was staggered (see below).
The first hour of each day is named after the ruling planet, giving rise to the name and sequence of the seven-day Roman week. Latin-based modern culture, in general, inherited directly the days of the week from the Romans and they were named according to the classical planets - eg in Spanish MiÃÆ' Â © rcoles = Mercury, in French Mardi = Mars.
Modern English days of the week are inherited from the ancient Norse Nordic cultural gods - Thursday = Thor (Jupiter), Friday = Frige (Venus). It can be correlated that the Norse gods were associated with every planet and Roman god, probably because of Roman influence rather than by chance by naming the planets.
Alchemy
In alchemy, every classical planet (Moon, Mars, Jupiter, and Saturn) is associated with one of seven known metal classics (silver, mercury/quicksilver, copper, gold, iron, lead and lead respectively -masing). Consequently, alchemical flying machines for metals and associated planets coincide. Alchemists believe that other metal elements are variants of the seventh (eg zinc known as "Indian tin" or "silver counter").
Alchemy in the Western World and other locations where it is widely practiced are (and in many cases still) allied and intertwined with traditional Babel-Greek astrological styles; in various ways they are built to complement each other in the search for hidden knowledge (an unusual knowledge of the occult). Astrology has used the concept of classical elements from antiquity to the present day. Most modern astrologers use the four classical elements extensively, and indeed they are still seen as an important part in interpreting astrological charts.
Traditionally, each of the seven "planets" in the solar system as known by the ancients was associated with, holding the upper power, and "commanding" a particular metal (see also astrology and classical elements).
The list of governments is as follows:
- The sun sets the Gold ()
- Month, Silver ()
- Mercury, Quicksilver/Mercury ()
- Venus, Copper ()
- Mars, Iron ()
- Jupiter, Tin ()
- Saturn, Lead ()
Some alchemists (eg Paracelsus) adopt the Hermetic Qabalah assignment between the vital organs and planets as follows:
Contemporary astrology
Western Astrology
Indian astrology
Indian astronomy and astrology (Jyoti? A) recognizes seven visible planets (including sun and moon) and two other invisible planets.
The Planet in Chinese astronomy
The Chinese calendar cycle is related to the orbit of Jupiter, there are 12 sacred animals in the Chinese geomantic cycle and dodecannualar astrology, and 12 years in Jupiter's orbit.
Nude eye planet
Mercury and Venus are only seen in the twilight hours because their orbits are the interior of the Earth. Venus is the third brightest object in the sky and the most prominent planet. Mercury is harder to see because of its proximity to the Sun. Twilight's long and very low angles at maximum elongation make optical filters necessary to see Mercury from extreme polar locations. Mars is the brightest when in conflict, which occurs approximately every twenty-five months. Jupiter and Saturn are the largest of the five planets, but farther from the Sun, and therefore receive less sunlight. Nevertheless, Jupiter is often the next bright object in the sky after Venus. Saturn's luminosity is often enhanced by its ring, which reflects light to varying degrees, depending on their tendency to the ecliptic; However, the ring itself is not visible to the naked eye from Earth. Uranus and sometimes Vesta asteroids are principally visible to the naked eye on a very sunny night, but, unlike the real naked-eye planets, are always less luminous than a few thousand stars, and thus, are not quite as prominent as their presence to be noticed without the aid of a telescope.
See also
- Antikythera mechanism
- Venus Aspects
- Definition of the planet
- List of previous planets
- Five elements (Chinese philosophy)
- Geocentric Model
- Celestial spheres
References
External links
- The Naked Eye Planets and how to identify them
- Wandering Star: Movement and Visibility Cycle of the Nude Eyed Planet
- Chronology of Discovery in the Solar System
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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